流域大型水库对下游淡水资源、洪涝灾害和环境影响线上国际研讨会顺利召开

2022年5月26日,由河口海岸学国家重点实验室举办的“流域大型水库对下游淡水资源、洪涝灾害和环境影响国际研讨会”在线上顺利召开。来自中国、德国、美国、泰国、越南、日本等40多位专家学者参加了此次会议。该研讨会由河口海岸学国家重点实验室朱建荣教授担任主席,河口海岸学国家重点实验室何青主任出席会议并致欢迎辞。

The International Webinar Symposium on Impact of Large Reservoirs in River Basin on Downstream Freshwater Resources, Flood Disasters and Environment, hosted by the State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research (SKLEC), was held online on May 26, 2022. More than 40 scientists from China, Germany, the United States, Thailand, Vietnam and Japan attended this meeting. Prof. Jianrong Zhu chaired this symposium, and Prof. Qing He, the Director of the State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, delivered a warmly welcome speech.

部分参会人员合影
Group photos of some participants

何青主任在致辞中提到,河口海岸区存在强烈的陆-海相互作用,且受人类活动的强烈影响。其中,流域水库建设为主要影响之一,通过改变河流流量、沉积物输运通量及人为污染物与营养物排放量,对下游淡水资源、洪涝灾害和环境产生了一系列影响。针对这一全球范围的关键问题,联合国海洋十年“大河三角洲计划”旨在推动三角洲区域可持续发展。计划对全球范围内具有代表性的河流三角洲系统,明确其关键特征,研究在不同物理、生态、经济背景下三角洲区域的可持续发展能力。作为“大河三角洲计划”的发起单位,华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室特举办本次“流域大型水库对下游淡水资源、洪涝灾害和环境影响线上国际研讨会”,旨在全面地了解流域大型水库对下游三角洲区域的影响,例如洪涝灾害、海岸侵蚀、盐水入侵、淡水资源及生态环境响应等。因此,本次研讨会对于河口海岸三角洲区域的可持续发展具有十分重要的意义。

Prof. Qing He congratulated for the opening of the International Webinar Symposium on Impact of Large Reservoirs in River Basin on Downstream Freshwater Resources, Flood Disasters and Environment, and mentioned that there is a strong land-sea interaction in the estuarine and coastal areas, which is strongly affected by human activities. The reservoir construction in river basin, as the major impact, has changed the river discharge, sediment transport and riverine pollutants and nutrients which have a series of impacts on the downstream freshwater resources, flood disasters and environment. In response to this global key issue, Mega-Delta Program of UN Ocean Decade has the overall objective to support sustainable development in delta regions. It plans to study the present status of globe representative deltas system for new blueprints, including critical characteristics and the sustainability of delta system and their capacity to support regional development for delta systems which had different physical process, ecological and economic value. As the leading institute of Mega-Delta Program, the State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research in East China Normal University (ECNU) decided to hold this symposium aiming to promote understanding of the impact of large reservoirs on downstream Delta region to inform management off flooding risk, coastal erosion, saltwater intrusion, water quality and ecosystem. Therefore, this symposium is of great significance for the sustainable development of estuarine and coastal deltas.

何青主任致欢迎辞

Welcome speech delivered by Prof. Qing He
 

本次研讨会对全球主要流域水库对下游影响进行了深入讨论,包括美国的切萨皮克湾、泰国的湄南河河口、亚洲的湄公河及中国的珠江、长江和黄河。整场研讨会分别由朱建荣教授、郭磊城教授、吴辉教授主持。

The symposium conducted in-depth discussions on the reservoirs in river basins on downstream reaches around the world, including the Chesapeake Bay in the United States, the Chao Phraya River Estuary in Thailand, the Mekong River in Asia, and the Pearl River, Changjiang River and Yellow River in China. Prof. Jianrong Zhu, Prof. Leicheng Guo and Prof. Hui Wu together chaired this symposium.

针对美国的切萨皮克湾,来自美国威廉与玛丽学院弗吉尼亚海洋研究所的沈健教授报告了海平面上升背景下的盐水入侵对美国切萨皮克湾和支流的淡水资源、生态系统及湿地栖息地产生的重要影响。

For the Chesapeake Bay and tributaries in the United States, Prof. Jian Shen from the Virginia Institute of Marine Science of William & Mary reported the salinity intrusion, freshwater resource, marsh habitat and ecosystem under the sea level rise.

针对泰国的湄南河,来自泰国农业大学的Tanuspong Pokavanich教授与Chawalit Charoenpong博士报告了泰国湄南河盐水入侵的动力机制,及其产生的生物化学影响。

For the Chao Phraya River Estuary in Thailand, Prof. Tanuspong pokavanich and Dr. chawalit charoenpong from Kasetsart University reported the saltwater intrusion dynamics and its biogeochemistry impact.

针对湄公河,来自华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室的朱建荣教授报告了梯级水库对湄公河下游径流量的季节性调整,及其对下游淡水资源和盐水入侵的影响。

For the Mekong River, Prof. Jianrong Zhu from the State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research of East China Normal University reported the seasonal regulation of river discharge by the cascade reservoirs in the Lancang river and its effect on downstream freshwater and estuarine saltwater intrusion.

针对广阔的珠江流域,来自中国香港科技大学的张颖博士报告了珠江及其支流的时空分布特征,并说明相关控制因素。

For the broad Pearl river basin, Dr. Ying Zhang from The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology reported the spatiotemporal characteristics and controls of streamflow in the Pearl river basin.

针对中国黄河流域,来自中国海洋大学的毕乃双教授报告了不同时间尺度上黄河河道的侵蚀与沉积过程变化,且小浪底水库作为主要控制因素影响黄河下游淡水、泥沙输运及河道侵蚀与沉积过程。

For the Yellow River in China, Prof. Naishuang Bi from Ocean University of China reported that the processes of erosion and deposition in the downstream channel of the Yellow river have undergone significant changes on different timescales and the operation of the Xiaolangdi Dam was the main factor controlling the changes in the erosion and deposition of the downstream channel.

针对中国长江流域,来自中山大学的蔡华阳教授,华东师范大学的吴辉教授、郭磊城教授、黄菊博士、宋艳博士及刘晓强博士等6位学者分享了各自的报告。蔡华阳教授的报告基于数据驱动框架模型量化了三峡水库对长江下游水位和热力学性质的影响;郭磊城教授的报告指出长江流域洪涝灾害受各种因素复合影响,且三峡大坝能够通过适当的调节减缓长江三角洲的洪涝灾害;吴辉教授报告了长江口侧向环流特征,而河口重大工程阻碍了部分侧向环流,调整了长江冲淡水扩展形态与浊度的空间分布,因此改变了长江口藻华的空间分布特征;黄菊博士报告了水库对长江流量的季节性调整,及其对下游淡水资源、盐水入侵的影响;宋艳博士报告了水库调节造成的滞留效应使得河源生物化学元素向海输送的速度减慢,而泥沙通量的减少与营养物质的增加分别会减弱、加强滞留效应;刘晓强博士报告了三峡大坝减少了江下游感潮河段的泥沙供应,使得下游河床从沉积过程转变为侵蚀过程,且在枯季加速其侵蚀过程。

For the Changjiang river basin in China, six scholars from the world leading universities/research institutions conducted their reports. Prof. Huayang Cai from Sun Yat-sen University proposed a data-driven framework to quantify the impact of the Three Gorges Dam (TGD) on the alterations in the thermal and water level dynamics; Prof . Leicheng Guo from ECNU reported that high compound flood risk remains in the Changjiang Delta regions and TGD may help to mitigate flooding risk in the delta by optimized operation; Prof. Hui Wu from ECNU reported the lateral circulation among channels in the Changjiang river estuary and mega estuary construction changed the spatial pattern of algal blooming by regulating river plume and turbidity; Dr. Ju Huang from ECNU reported that the seasonal regulation of river discharge by the cascade reservoirs in the Changjiang river and its effects on downstream freshwater resources and estuarine saltwater intrusion; Dr. Yan Song form ECNU reported that the reservoir retention effect slows down the transport of biogenic elements to the sea; Dr. Xiaoqiang Liu from ECNU reported that dam interception has reduced the sediment supply into the Yangtze river tidal reach causing a change from deposition to erosion in the river bed.

整场报告内容精彩纷呈,引起与会人员的浓厚兴趣,纷纷在Zoom会议室留言,或直接“举手”提问。

Those talks attract great interests from audiences, and many questions and comments were raised from all over the world.

研讨会主题报告结束后,此次研讨会主席朱建荣教授组织了大型水库对下游流域影响的讨论,来自华东师范大学河口海岸学国家重点实验室的吴辉教授等人分别谈了各自的看法及大河三角洲可持续发展的可能路径。朱建荣教授最后进行了简短的总结,为本届流域大型水库对下游淡水资源、洪涝灾害和环境影响线上国际研讨会画上了圆满的句号。

At the final session, Prof. Jianrong Zhu organized the discussion about the impact of large reservoirs on the downstream basin. Prof. Hui Wu from SKLEC, ECNU and others shared their respective views and possible pathways for the sustainable development of river delta region. In the end, Prof. Jianrong Zhu closed the symposium after a brief summary.

文 | 韩奕萱
图 | 仇威
审核 | 朱建荣、李秀珍